"Double carbon" e senya 'maraka o mocha oa China, likoloi tse ncha tsa matla li na le bokhoni bo boholo

Ho se nke lehlakore ha carbon: Tsoelo-pele ea moruo e amana haufi-ufi le boemo ba leholimo le tikoloho

Ho sebetsana le phetoho ea maemo a leholimo le ho rarolla bothata ba ho ntšoa ha khabone, mmuso oa China o khothalelitse sepheo sa "carbon peak" le "carbon neutral". Ka 2021, "carbon peak" le "carbon neutrality" li ile tsa ngoloa tlalehong ea mosebetsi oa mmuso ka lekhetlo la pele. Ho bolokehile ho bolela hore tlhoro ea khabone le ho se nke lehlakore ka khabone e tla ba e 'ngoe ea lintho tse tlang pele ho China lilemong tse mashome tse tlang.

Tsela ea hore Chaena e fihlele tlhoro ea carbon le ho se nke lehlakore ha carbon e lebelletsoe ho aroloa ka mekhahlelo e meraro. Mokhahlelo oa pele ke "nako ea tlhōrō" ho tloha 2020 ho ea ho 2030, ha ho boloka matla le ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla ho tla fokotsa ho phahama ha carbon total. Mokhahlelo oa bobeli: 2031-2045 ke "nako e potlakileng ea ho fokotsa mocheso", 'me kakaretso ea selemo le selemo ea carbon e fokotseha ho tloha ho feto-fetoha ho ea ho botsitso. Mokhahlelo oa boraro: 2046-2060 e tla kena nakong ea phokotso e tebileng ea mosi, e potlakisa ho theoha ha khabone kaofela, 'me qetellong e fihlelle sepheo sa "mesi ea zero e felletseng". Karolong e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea mekhahlelo ena, kakaretso ea matla a sebelisoang, sebopeho, le litšobotsi tsa sistimi ea matla li tla fapana.

Ho latela lipalo-palo, liindasteri tse nang le khabone e ngata li shebane haholo le matla, indasteri, lipalangoang le kaho. Indasteri e ncha ea matla e na le sebaka se seholo ka ho fetisisa sa kholo tlas'a tsela ea "carbon neutral".

Moralo oa boemo bo holimo oa "dual carbon target" o khantša tsela e boreleli ea nts'etsopele ea likoloi tse ncha tsa matla.

Ho tloha ka 2020, Chaena e hlahisitse maano a mangata a naha le a lehae ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea likoloi tse ncha tsa matla, 'me botumo ba likoloi tse ncha tsa matla bo ntse bo eketseha. Ho ea ka lipalo-palo tse tsoang Lefapheng la Tsamaiso ea Sephethephethe la Lekala la Tšireletso ea Sechaba, bofelong ba Phuptjane 2021, palo ea litaba Chaena e ne e fihlile ho limilione tse 6.03, e leng karolo ea 2.1 lekholong ea kakaretso ea likoloi. Har'a bona, ho na le likoloi tsa motlakase tse hloekileng tse limilione tse 4.93. Lilemong tse tšeletseng tse fetileng, ho bile le liketsahalo tse fetang 50 tse amanang le matsete sebakeng sa matla a macha selemo se seng le se seng ka karolelano, 'me matsete a selemo le selemo a fihletse li-yuan tse libilione tse mashome.

Ho tloha ka Mphalane 2021, ho na le likhoebo tse ncha tse fetang 370,000 tse amanang le likoloi tsa motlakase Chaena, tseo ho tsona tse fetang 3,700 e leng likhoebo tsa theknoloji e phahameng, ho latela Tianyan. Ho tloha 2016 ho isa 2020, sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo sa likhoebo tse ncha tse amanang le likoloi tsa motlakase se fihlile ho 38.6%, eo har'a eona, sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo sa likhoebo tse amehang ka 2020 se neng se potlakile ka ho fetesisa, se fihlang ho 41%.

Ho ea ka lipalo-palo tse sa fellang tse tsoang ho Tianyan Data Research Institute, ho bile le liketsahalo tsa lichelete tse ka bang 550 lebaleng la likoloi tse ncha tsa matla pakeng tsa 2006 le 2021, tse nang le kakaretso ea li-yuan tse fetang limilione tse likete tse 320. Ho feta 70% ea lichelete li etsahetse pakeng tsa 2015 le 2020, ka kakaretso ea chelete ea li-yuan tse fetang limilione tse likete tse 250. Ho tloha qalong ea selemo sena, matla a macha "khauta" a 'nile a tsoela pele ho phahama. Ho tloha ka Mphalane 2021, ho bile le liketsahalo tse fetang 70 tsa lichelete ka 2021, ka kakaretso ea lichelete tse fetang li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 80, tse fetang kakaretso ea lichelete ka 2020.

Ho latela pono ea kabo ea libaka, likhoebo tse ngata tsa China tse lefisang tse amanang le qubu li abuoa metseng ea boemo ba pele le e ncha ea boemo ba pele, 'me likhoebo tse ncha tsa boemo ba pele tse amanang le toropo li potlakile. Hajoale, Guangzhou e na le palo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea likhoebo tse qosang tse amanang le qubu tse fetang 7,000, tse maemong a pele China. Zhengzhou, Xi 'a Changsha, le litoropo tse ling tse ncha tsa boemo ba pele li na le likhoebo tse fetang 3,500 tse amanang ho feta Shanghai.

Hajoale, indasteri ea makoloi ea China e thehile tataiso ea phetoho ea tekheniki ea "pure electric drive", e shebaneng le likhatelopele tsa theknoloji ea taolo ea betri, enjene le ea elektroniki, ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea likoloi tse hloekileng tsa motlakase le li-plug-in hybrid electric motor. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ka keketseho e kholo ea likoloi tse ncha tsa matla, ho tla ba le lekhalo le leholo la tlhokahalo ea ho lefella. Ho finyella tlhokahalo ea tefiso ea likoloi tse ncha tsa motlakase, ho ntse ho hlokahala ho matlafatsa kaho ea liqubu tsa sechaba tsa poraefete tse lefisang tlas'a tšehetso ea leano.