Izithuthi zombane (EVs) zikhawuleza zibe yinto ethandwayo kwizithuthi eziqhelekileyo zegesi zegesi ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo kakuhle, iindleko eziphantsi zokusebenza, kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ephantsi. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko abantu abaninzi bethenga ii-EVs, imfuno yezikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga izisombululo zokutshaja kwe-EV kumazwe ahlukeneyo, imingeni yabo, kunye nezisombululo ezisetyenziselwa ukujongana nazo.
amantla Emelika
EUnited States naseCanadabebehamba phambili kwishishini le-EV, kunye noTesla ngoyena umenzi we-EV obalaseleyo. EUnited States, iinkampani ezininzi ziye zavela ukubonelela ngezisombululo zokutshaja kwe-EV, kubandakanya iChargePoint, Blink, kunye ne-Electrify America. Ezi nkampani zakhe inethiwekhi yeNqanaba lesi-2 kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ze-DC kwilizwe lonke, zibonelela ngezisombululo zokutshaja kuzo zombini ii-EV zomntu kunye nezorhwebo.
Khanadaiphinde ityale imali kwiziseko zophuhliso ze-EV, kunye norhulumente wobumbano obonelela ngenkxaso-mali yokuxhasa ukufakwa kwezikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV kulo lonke ilizwe. Urhulumente waseKhanada ujonge ukuba i-100% yezithuthi ezitsha ezithengiswayo kweli lizwe zibe zizithuthi ezikhutshwayo ngo-2040. Ukufezekisa le njongo, urhulumente uye waseka iNkqubo yeZibonelelo zeZithuthi zeZero-Emission ukuxhasa ukuthunyelwa kwe-EV yokutshaja iziseko zophuhliso eluntwini. iindawo, kubandakanywa iindawo zokupaka, iindawo zokusebenza, kunye nezakhiwo ezininzi zokuhlala.
IYurophu
IYurophu ibe yinkokeli yokwamkelwa kwe-EV, kunye neNorway ibe lilizwe elinepesenti ephezulu yee-EVs endleleni. Ngokwe-Arhente yezaMandla yaMazwe ngaMazwe, iYurobhu yabalelwa ngaphezulu kwe-40% yentengiso ye-EV yehlabathi ngo-2020, kunye neJamani, iFransi, kunye ne-United Kingdom ehamba phambili.
Ukuxhasa ukukhula koshishino lwe-EV, iManyano yaseYurophu (i-EU) iseke i-Connecting Europe Facility (CEF), ebonelela ngenkxaso-mali yophuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo zokuhlawulisa i-EV kulo lonke ilizwekazi. I-CEF ijolise ekuxhaseni ukuthunyelwa kweendawo zokutshaja ezingaphezu kwe-150,000 kwi-EU kwi-2025.
Ukongeza kwi-CEF, iinkampani ezininzi zabucala ziye zavela ukuze zibonelele ngezisombululo zokutshaja kwe-EV kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngokomzekelo, i-Ionity, intsebenziswano phakathi kweBMW, iDaimler, iFord, neVolkswagen Group, inenjongo yokwakha uthungelwano lwezikhululo zokutshaja ezinamandla amakhulu angama-400 kulo lonke elaseYurophu ngowama-2022. Ezinye iinkampani, ezifana neAllego, EVBox, neFasteded ikwatyala imali kwiziseko ezingundoqo zokuhlawulisa i-EV kwilizwekazi liphela.
Asia-Pacific
I-Asiya-Pacific yenye yezona ndawo zikhula ngokukhawuleza zokwamkelwa kwe-EV, kwaye i-China iyeyona ndawo inkulu yentengiso ye-EV. Ngo-2020, i-China yabalelwa ngaphezulu kwe-40% yentengiso ye-EV yehlabathi, kunye nabavelisi abaninzi baseTshayina be-EV, kubandakanya i-BYD kunye ne-NIO, abasakhulayo njengabadlali abaphambili kwishishini.
Ukuxhasa ukukhula kweshishini le-EV, urhulumente waseTshayina uye waseka iSicwangciso soPhuhliso lweZithuthi zaMandla oMtsha, ojolise ekubeni i-20% yazo zonke iintengiso zeemoto ezintsha zibe zizithuthi zamandla amatsha ngo-2025. Ukufezekisa le njongo, urhulumente utyale imali. kakhulu kwiziseko zokutshaja ze-EV, ezinezikhululo zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke ezingaphezu kwama-800,000 ezifakelwe kwilizwe lonke.
IJapan kunye neSouth Korea nazo ziye zatyala imali kwiziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja i-EV, amazwe omabini ajonge ukuba nepesenti ebalulekileyo yokuthengiswa kwemoto entsha ibe yi-EVs ngo-2030. EJapan, urhulumente uye waseka i-EV Towns Initiative, enika inkxaso-mali koorhulumente basekhaya ukukhuthaza ukufakwa kwezikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV. EMzantsi Korea, urhulumente uye waseka i-Electric Vehicle Roadmap, ejolise ekubeni i-33,000 EV iziteshi zokutshaja ezifakwe kulo lonke ilizwe ngo-2022.
Imingeni kunye nezisombululo
Ngaphandle kokukhula koshishino lwe-EV kunye notyalo-mali kwiziseko ezingundoqo zokuhlawuliswa kwe-EV, imingeni emininzi isekho. Owona mceli mngeni mkhulu kukungabikho kwemigaqo yokutshaja esemgangathweni, enokwenza kube nzima kubanini be-EV ukufumana isikhululo sokutshaja esihambelanayo. Ukujongana nalo mngeni, imibutho emininzi, kuquka i-International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) kunye ne-Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), iphuhlise imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe yokutshaja kwe-EV, njengeCCS (iNkqubo yokuTshaja eDityanisiweyo) kunye ne-CHAdeMO protocol.
Omnye umceli mngeni lixabiso leziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja ii-EV, ezinokubiza kakhulu kwiinkampani ezithile noorhulumente. Ukujongana nalo mngeni, kuye kwavela izisombululo ezininzi, kubandakanywa ubambiswano loluntu-namashishini abucala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo kumandla ezikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV. Umzekelo, ezinye iinkampani ziye zasebenzisana noorhulumente ukubonelela ngezikhululo zokutshaja ii-EV kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke, urhulumente ebonelela ngenkxaso-mali yokufakelwa nokugcinwa kwezi zikhululo.
Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, njengamandla elanga kunye nomoya, ukunika amandla izikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV ziye zanda kakhulu. Oku akugcini nje ukunciphisa i-carbon footprint ye-EV yokutshaja kodwa kunokunciphisa iindleko zombane kubanini be-EV. Kwezinye iimeko, izikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV zinokusetyenziselwa ukugcina amandla avuselelekayo angaphezulu, anokuthi asetyenziswe ukunika amandla igridi ngexesha lemfuno ephezulu.
Ukuqukumbela
Ishishini le-EV likhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye imfuno yezisombululo zokutshaja i-EV iyanda. Oorhulumente, iinkampani zabucala, kunye nabantu ngabanye batyala imali kwi-EV yokubiza iziseko zophuhliso ukuxhasa ukukhula koshishino. Nangona kunjalo, imiceli mngeni emininzi isekhona, kubandakanywa ukunqongophala kwemigaqo yokutshaja emgangathweni kunye neendleko zeziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja i-EV. Ukujongana nale mingeni, izisombululo ezifana nentsebenziswano phakathi kukarhulumente namashishini abucala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ziye zavela.
Njengenkampani ephanda, iphuhlise, kwaye ivelise iitshaja ze-EV,Sichuan Weiyu Electric Co., Ltd.inokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxhaseni ukukhula kweshishini le-EV. Ngokubonelela ngezisombululo zokuhlawuliswa kwe-EV ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezithembekileyo, kunye neendleko ezifanelekileyo, inkampani inokunceda ukujongana nemingeni ejongene noshishino kunye negalelo kwinguqu yenkqubo yothutho ezinzileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-28-2023