Izithuthi zombane (EVs) ziguqula ishishini leemoto, zisiqhubela kwikamva eliluhlaza nelizinzileyo. Njengoko imfuno yee-EVs iqhubeleka nokukhula, uphuhliso lweziseko ezisebenzayo nezifikelelekayo zokutshaja zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Iiteknoloji ezimbini zokutshaja ezahlukeneyo, i-Direct Current (DC) kunye ne-Alternating Current (AC), zilwela ukuhoywa, nganye ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezizodwa. Namhlanje, sintywila kubuchwephesha bobu buchwepheshe ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwe-DC kunye nezixhobo zokutshaja ze-AC.
Ukutshaja kwe-AC: Ukubophelela iziseko ezingundoqo ezisasazeke ngokubanzi
Ukutshaja ngokutshintshanayo kwangoku (AC), edla ngokufumaneka njengeNqanaba loku-1 kunye neNqanaba lesi-2 lokutshaja, kusebenzisa isiseko segridi yombane esele ikho. Le teknoloji isebenzisa iitshaja ezingaphakathi kwi-EVs ukuguqula amandla e-AC ukusuka kwigridi ukuya kwi-Direct Current (DC) amandla afunekayo ukutshaja ibhetri. Ukutshaja kwe-AC kuyinto yonke indawo, njengoko kunokwenziwa emakhaya, kwiindawo zokusebenza, nakwizikhululo zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke. Ibonelela ngokulula kwiimfuno zokutshaja zemihla ngemihla kwaye iyahambelana nazo zonke iimodeli ze-EV kwimarike.
Nangona kunjalo, ukutshaja kwe-AC kwaziwa ngezantya zokutshaja ezicothayo xa kuthelekiswa ne-DC esebenza nayo. Iitshaja zeNqanaba loku-1, eziplaga kwiivenkile eziqhelekileyo zekhaya, ngokuqhelekileyo zibonelela ngoluhlu lweemayile ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-5 ngeyure yokutshaja. Iitshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2, ezifuna ufakelo oluzinikeleyo, zibonelela ngesantya sokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kwi-60 yeemayile ngeyure yokutshaja, kuxhomekeke kumlinganiselo wamandla etshaja kunye namandla e-EV.
Ukutshaja kweDC: UkuXhobisa ukuTshaja kwaMaxesha aKhawulezayo
I-Direct Current (DC) yokutshaja, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yiNqanaba lesi-3 okanye i-DC yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, ithatha indlela eyahlukileyo ngokudlula itshaja ekwibhodi kwi-EV. Iitshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-DC zibonelela ngamandla aphezulu e-DC ngoku ngqo kwibhetri yesithuthi, inciphisa ngokumangalisayo amaxesha okutshaja. Ezi tshaja zikhawulezayo zidla ngokufumaneka kwizikhululo zokutshaja ezizinikeleyo ecaleni koohola bendlela, iindlela ezinkulu zokuhamba, kunye neendawo ezixakekileyo zikawonke-wonke.
Iitshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-DC zibonelela ngokomelela okukhulu kwizantya zokutshaja, ezikwaziyo ukongeza iimayile ezingama-60 ukuya kwezingama-80 kuluhlu olungemizuzu engama-20 yokutshaja, ngokuxhomekeke kumandla etshaja kunye namandla e-EV. Le teknoloji ijongene neemfuno zokuhamba umgama omde kunye nemfuno ekhulayo yeenketho zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, okwenza kube nomtsalane ngakumbi kubanini be-EV ekuhambeni.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuphunyezwa kweziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja kwe-DC kufuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye neendleko eziphezulu zofakelo. Uqhagamshelo lombane olumandla aphezulu kunye nokuseta okuntsokothileyo kuyafuneka ukunikezela ngezakhono zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo zeetshaja ezikhawulezayo zeDC. Ngenxa yoko, ubukho bezikhululo zokutshaja ze-DC zinokulinganiselwa xa kuthelekiswa neenketho zokutshaja ze-AC, ezinokufumaneka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwaye zihlala zifuna utyalo-mali lwangaphambili olungaphantsi.
I-Evolving EV Landscape
Ngelixa zombini iitekhnoloji zokutshaja ze-AC kunye ne-DC zinemfanelo yazo, ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, eziquka iimfuno zesantya sokutshaja, uqwalaselo lweendleko, kunye nokubakho kweziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja. Ukutshaja kwe-AC kubonakalisa ukuba kulula, kuyahambelana ngokubanzi, kwaye kuyafikeleleka kwiimeko zokutshaja mihla le. Kwelinye icala, ukutshaja kwe-DC kunika amaxesha okutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwaye ifaneleka ngcono kuhambo lomgama omde kunye neemfuno zokutshaja ezibalulekileyo.
Njengoko imakethi ye-EV iqhubeka nokukhula, sinokulindela ukuqhubela phambili ekuhlawuleni itekhnoloji kunye neziseko zoncedo ukujongana neemfuno ezikhulayo zabaqhubi. Ukwandiswa kweenethiwekhi zokutshaja ze-AC kunye ne-DC, kunye nokuqhubela phambili kobuchwepheshe kubuchwepheshe bebhetri, kuya kuphucula amava okutshaja ngokubanzi kwaye kuququzelele ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi kwezithuthi zombane. Iinzame eziqhubekayo zokuphuhlisa iziseko zokutshaja ezisebenzayo, ezifikelelekayo nezithembekileyo ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kuba negalelo ukukhawuleziswa kwenguqu yemoto yombane, ukuzisa ixesha lothutho oluzinzileyo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-10-2023