Ho hlakile hore BEV ke mokhoa oa indasteri e ncha ea matla a motlakase .Kaha mathata a betri a ke ke a rarolloa ka nako e khuts'oane , lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja li na le lisebelisoa tse ngata ho hlakisa taba ea ho tjhaja koloi. ,e fapana ho ea ka linaha, esale a tobane le boemo ba likhohlano tse tobileng. Mona, re ka rata ho hlophisa maemo a sehokelo lefatšeng ka bophara.
Kopanya
Combo e lumella ho tjhaja butle le ka potlako, ke sokete e sebelisoang ka ho fetesisa Europe, e kenyelletsa Audi, BMW, Chrysler, Daimler, Ford, GM, Porsche, Volkswagen li na le sebopeho sa ho tjhaja SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers).
Ho 2ndMphalane, 2012, phetoho ea SAE J1772 e vouteloang ke litho tse amehang tsa komiti ea SAE, e fetoha eona feela tekanyetso e hlophisitsoeng ea DC lefatšeng ka bophara. Ho ipapisitsoe le khatiso e ntlafalitsoeng ea J1772, Combo Connector ke maemo a mantlha a ho tjhaja ka potlako ho DC.
Phetolelo e fetileng (e entsoeng ka 2010) ea maemo ana e hlalositse litlhaloso tsa sehokelo sa J1772 se sebelisetsoang ho tjhaja AC. Sehokelo sena se 'nile sa sebelisoa haholo, se lumellana le Nissan Leaf, Chevrolet Volt le Mitsubishi i-MiEV.Le hoja phetolelo e ncha, ntle le ho ba le mesebetsi eohle ea pele, e nang le lisebelisoa tse ling tse peli, e leng haholo-holo bakeng sa ho tjhaja ka potlako ho DC, e ke ke ea e-ba teng. e lumellana le li-BEV tsa khale tse hlahisoang hona joale.
Molemo: Molemo o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa Combo Connector ke automaker e hloka feela ho adpat socket e le 'ngoe e khonang ho DC le AC, ho tjhaja ka lebelo le fapaneng.
Bothata: Mokhoa oa ho tjhaja kapele o hloka hore seteishene sa ho tjhaja se fane ka ho fihla ho 500 V le 200 A.
Tesla
Tesla e na le tekanyetso ea eona ea ho tjhaja, e reng e ka tjhaja ho feta 300 KM ka metsotso e 30. Ka hona, matla a phahameng a sokete ea eona ea ho tjhaja a ka fihla ho 120kW, le boholo ba hajoale ba 80A.
Tesla e na le liteishene tse 908 tsa ho tjhaja tse phahameng haholo US hajoale. Ho kena 'marakeng oa China, E na le liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tse 7sets Super tse fumanehang Shanghai(3), Beijing(2), Hangzhou(1), Shenzhen(1). Ntle le moo, Ho ikopanya hantle le libaka, Tesla e rera ho tlohela taolo ea litekanyetso tsa eona tsa ho tjhaja le ho amohela maemo a lehae, e se e ntse e etsa joalo Chaena.
Molemo: Theknoloji e tsoetseng pele e nang le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea ho tjhaja.
Bothata: Ho fapana le maemo a naha ka 'ngoe, ho thata ho eketsa thekiso ntle le ho sekisetsa;haeba ho sekisetsa, ts'ebetso ea ho lefisa e tla fokotseha.Ba tsietsing.
CCS (Sistimi e Kopantsoeng ea ho tjhaja)
Ford, General Motors, Chrysler, Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen le Porsche ba ile ba qala "Combined Charging System" ka 2012 ka boiteko ba ho fetola litekanyetso tse ferekanyang bakeng sa likou tsa ho tjhaja. "Combined Charging System" kapa e tsejoang ka hore ke CCS.
CCS e kopantse likhokahano tsohle tsa hajoale tsa ho tjhaja, ka tsela ena, e ka tjhaja phasewete e le 'ngoe ea ac, ho tjhaja ka potlako ea 3 phase ac, ho tjhaja DC ka bolulo le ho tjhaja DC ka sekhahla se le seng.
Ntle le SAE, ACEA (European Automobile Manufacturers Association) e amohetse CCS joalo ka sebopeho sa ho tjhaja sa DC/AC hape. E sebelisoa ho PEV eohle ea Europe ho tloha ka selemo sa 2017. Ho tloha ha Jeremane le Chaena li kopanya litekanyetso tsa likoloi tsa motlakase, Chaena e kenelletse tsamaisong ena hape, e fane ka menyetla e e-s'o ka e e-ba teng bakeng sa EV ea Chaena. ZINORO 1E,Audi A3e-tron, BAIC E150EV, BMW i3, DENZA，Volkswagen E-UP, Changan EADO le SMART kaofela ke tsa maemo a "CCS".
Molemo : Baetsi ba likoloi ba Jeremane ba 3 :BMW, Daimler le Volkswagen -- ba tla eketsa matsete a bona ho EV ea China, maemo a CCS a ka ba molemo ho feta China.
Bothata: thekiso ea EV e tšehetsoeng ke maemo a CCS e nyane kapa e tla 'marakeng feela.
CHAdeMO
CHAdeMO ke khutsufatso ea CHArge de Move, ke sokete e tšehelitsoeng ke Nissan le Mitsubishi. ChAdeMO e fetoletsoeng ho tsoa ho Sejapane, moelelo ke "Ho etsa hore nako ea ho tjhaja e be khutšoanyane joalo ka khefu ea tee". Sokete ena e potlakileng ea DC e ka fana ka matla a ho tjhaja a 50KW.
Li-EV tse tšehetsang boemo bona ba ho tjhaja li kenyelletsa: Nissan Leaf, Mitsubishi Outlander PEV, Citroen C-ZERO, Peugeot Ion, Citroen Berlingo, Peugeot Partner, Mitsubishi i-MiEV, Mitsubishi MINICAB-MiEV, Mitsubishi MINICAB-MiEV truck, Honda FIT EV, Maz. DEMIOEV, Subaru Stella PEV, Nissan Eev200 joalo-joalo Hlokomela hore Nissan Leaf le Mitsubishi i-MiEV ka bobeli li na le sokete e 'meli e fapaneng ea ho tjhaja, e' ngoe ke J1772 eo e leng sehokelo sa Combo karolong ea pele , e 'ngoe ke CHAdeMO.
Mokhoa oa ho tjhaja CHAdeMO o bonts'oa joalo ka setšoantšo se ka tlase, hajoale e laoloa ke lets'oao la libese la CAN. Ka mantsoe a mang, ha u ntse u beha leihlo boemo ba betri, bala hore na tjhaja e hloka nako e kae 'me u romele litsebiso ho tjhaja ka CAN, tjhaja e fumana taelo ea hona joale koloing,' me e fane ka hona joale ho tjhaja ka nepo.
Ka tsamaiso ea tsamaiso ea betri, boemo ba betri bo behiloe leihlo ha nako ea hona joale e laoloa ka nako ea sebele, e finyellang ka botlalo mesebetsi e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho tjhaja ka potlako le ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng, le ho netefatsa hore ho tjhaja ha ho thibetsoe ke ho feto-fetoha ha betri. Ho na le liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tse 1154 tse tlang ho sebelisoa tse kentsoeng ho latela CHAdeMO Japane. Liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa CHAdeMO li sebelisoa haholo US hape, ho na le liteishene tsa ho tjhaja ka potlako tsa 1344 AC ho latela lintlha tsa morao-rao tse tsoang Lefapheng la Matla la US.
Molemo: Ntle le melapo ea ho laola lintlha, CHAdeMO e amohela bese ea CAN e le sebopeho sa puisano, ka lebaka la bokhoni ba eona bo phahameng ba ho thibela lerata le ho lemoha liphoso tse phahameng, e na le puisano e tsitsitseng le ho tšepahala ho phahameng. Rekoto ea eona e ntle ea polokeho ea ho tjhaja e amohetsoe ke indasteri.
Bothata: moralo oa pele oa matla a tsoang ke 100KW, polaka ea ho tjhaja e boima haholo, matla a lehlakoreng la koloi ke 50KW feela.
GB/T20234
China e lokollotsoeLi-plug, li-Socket-outlets, li-couplers tsa likoloi le li-inlets tsa likoloi bakeng sa ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase-Litlhoko tse akaretsang ka 2006.(GB/T20234-2006), tekanyetso ena e totobatsa mokhoa oa ho kopanya mefuta ea 16A,32A,250A AC e tjhajang hona joale le 400A DC e tjhajang Haholo-holo e ipapisitse le maemo a International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) ka 2003. Empa tekanyetso ena ha e hlalose palo ea lithapo tse hokahanyang, boholo ba 'mele le sebopeho sa sebopeho sa ho tjhaja.
Ka 2011, Chaena e lokolotse tekanyetso e khothalletsoang ea GB/T20234-2011, e nketse litaba tse ling tsa GB/T20234-2006 sebaka, e re AC rated voltage ha e na ho feta 690V, frequency 50Hz, rated current e ke ke ea feta 250A; Motlakase o lekantsoeng oa DC o ke ke oa feta 1000V mme o lekantsoe hona joale ha o na ho feta 400A.
Molemo:Bapisa le 2006 Version GB/T, e lekantse lintlha tse ling tsa li-parameter tsa interface tsa ho tjhaja.
Bothata: maemo a ntse a sa phethahala. Ke tekanyetso e khothaletsoang, eseng e tlamang.
Sistimi ea ho tjhaja "Chaoji" ea Moloko o Mocha
Ka 2020, Lekhotla la Motlakase la China le Tumellano ea CHAdeMO li ile tsa theha lipatlisiso tsa tsela ea ntlafatso ea indasteri ea "Chaoji", 'me ka ho latellana li lokolla.The White Paper on "Chaoji" Conductive Charging Technology bakeng sa Likoloi tsa Motlakasele maemo a CHAdeMO 3.0.
Sistimi ea ho tjhaja "Chaoji" e ka lumellana le EV ea khale le e sa tsoa ntlafatsoa. E ntlafalitse leano le lecha la taolo le tataiso ea potoloho, e kenyellelitse lets'oao le thata la node, ha phoso e etsahala, semaphore e ka sebelisoa ho tsebisa pheletso e 'ngoe ho etsa karabelo e potlakileng ka nako ho netefatsa polokeho ea ho tjhaja. Theha mohlala oa polokeho bakeng sa sistimi eohle , Ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ireletso, e hlalositse letoto la litaba tsa ts'ireletso joalo ka I2T, Y capacitance, khetho ea conductor ea PE, bokhoni bo phahameng ba potoloho e khuts'oane le khefu ea mohala oa PE. Ho sa le joalo, e hlahlobile bocha le ho hlophisa bocha sistimi ea taolo ea mocheso, e hlahisitse mokhoa oa teko oa ho tjhaja sehokelo.
Sebopeho sa "Chaoji" sa ho tjhaja se sebelisa sebopeho sa sefahleho sa 7-pin se nang le voltage e fihlang ho 1000 (1500) V le boholo ba hona joale ba 600A. Sebopeho sa "Chaoji" sa ho tjhaja se etselitsoe ho fokotsa boholo ba kakaretso, ho ntlafatsa mamello le ho mamella. fokotsa boholo ba terminal ea motlakase ho fihlela litlhoko tsa polokeho ea IPXXB. Ka nako e ts'oanang, moqapi oa tataiso ea ho kenya 'mele o tebisa botebo ba ho kenngoa ha karolo e ka pele ea sokete, ho latela litlhoko tsa ergonomics.
Sistimi ea "Chaoji" ea ho tjhaja ha se feela sehokelo sa ho tjhaja matla a phahameng, empa ke sete sa litharollo tse hlophisitsoeng tsa DC bakeng sa EVs, ho kenyeletsoa potoloho ea taolo le tataiso, protocol ea puisano, moralo le ho tsamaellana ha lisebelisoa tse hokahanyang, polokeho ea sistimi ea ho tjhaja, taolo ea mocheso tlas'a maemo a matla a phahameng, joalo-joalo "Chaoji" tsamaiso ea ho tjhaja ke morero o momahaneng oa lefats'e, e le hore koloi e tšoanang ea motlakase linaheng tse fapaneng e ka sebelisoa tsamaisong ea ho tjhaja linaheng tse lumellanang.
Qetello
Matsatsing ana, ka lebaka la phapang ea lihlahisoa tsa EV, litekanyetso tse sebetsang tsa lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja li fapane, mofuta o le mong oa sehokelo sa ho tjhaja ha o khone ho kopana le mefuta eohle. Ho feta moo, theknoloji ea likoloi tse ncha tsa motlakase e ntse e le mothating oa ho hōla. Liteishene tsa ho tjhaja le lits'ebetso tsa khokahano ea ho tjhaja tsa likhoebo tse ngata tsa ho etsa likoloi li ntse li tobana le mathata a kang moralo o sa tsitsang oa lihlahisoa, likotsi tsa polokeho, ho tjhaja ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang, ho se lumellane ha koloi le liteishene, khaello ea litekanyetso tsa tlhahlobo joalo-joalo ts'ebelisong e sebetsang le botsofali ba tikoloho.
Matsatsing ana, baetsi ba likoloi lefatšeng ka bophara butle-butle ba hlokometse hore "standard" ke ntlha ea bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea li-EV. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, litekanyetso tsa lefats'e tsa tefiso li fetohile butle-butle ho tloha ho "diversification" ho "centralization". Leha ho le joalo, e le hore ho finyelloe litekanyetso tse kopanetsoeng tsa ho tjhaja ka sebele, ho phaella ho litekanyetso tsa li-interface, litekanyetso tsa morao-rao tsa puisano le tsona lia hlokahala. Ea pele e amana le hore na lenonyeletso le lumellana kapa che, ha e qetellang e ama hore na plug e ka matlafatsoa ha e kenngoa. Ho sa ntse ho e-na le tsela e telele e lokelang ho etsoa pele litekanyetso tsa ho lefisa li-EV li behiloe ka botlalo, 'me baetsi ba likoloi le mebuso ba hloka ho etsa ho eketsehileng ho bula maikutlo a bona ho etsa hore li-EV li tšoarelle nako e telele. Ho lebeletsoe hore Chaena e le moetapele oa ho ntšetsa pele "Chaoji" tekanyetso ea theknoloji ea ho tjhaja bakeng sa li-EV e tla bapala karolo e kholoanyane nakong e tlang.
Nako ea poso: Jun-08-2021